A rigid piece of metal, preferably SS, which forms a triangle beneath the pulpit, connected from the pulpit to the bow, is one reinforcement method. Another is to place a large "U" channel atop the bow pulpit. This not only reinforces the pulpit but contains the anchor chain and any crud falling off. A number of the high end new boats in the 30 to 40 ft range have rather massive stainless affairs which appear almost custom built at the bow and you can get additional ideas from them. A piece of perhaps 3/4" or 1" diam SS rail material would do as it's incredibly strong in compression mode.
I made my pulpit from three layers of 3/4" marine plywood epoxied together. It holds a Danforth T4000 or Delta Fastset of 55 lbs. It's held in 70 mph winds for brief periods, but it does bend a bit when straining to get an anchor out under power which I did not expect. If I were starting from scratch, I'd add a single piece "U" shaped stainless the full four foot length, thru bolted at the deck (aft end) and to the platform its length. Maybe 3 or four inches wide, edges perhaps two inches high, and about 1/4" or 5/15" inch thick metal. Right now I have an anchor arm bolted at the end, maybe 24 inches long and a second "U" shaped SS channel between the anchor arm and windlass to hold any mud/crude in place.